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Cornish bagpipes ((コーンウォール語:Pibow sagh kernewek)) are the forms of bagpipes once common in Cornwall, England. Bagpipes and pipes are mentioned in Cornish documentary sources from c.1150 to 1830 and bagpipes are present in Cornish iconography from the 15th and 16th centuries. ==Early documentary references== Pipes, type unspecified, are mentioned in many medieval Cornish sources: The word 'Tibicen' appears in the ''Vocabularium Cornicum'' of about 1150.〔Campanile, E., ''Profilo etimologico del cornico antico'' (Università di Pisa, 1974)〕 The first named 'piper' in Cornish records is that of ''Reginald Tibicen'' noted as holding land in Cuby before 1260/61.〔Stenton, D. M. (ed.) ''Pleas Before the King or his Justices, 1198-1202'', Vol. II. (Selden Society; Vol. 68) (Bernard Quaritch, London, 1953). I am grateful to O. J. Padel for identifying this reference.〕 (probably a player of the flute or pipe, perhaps a bagpiper). The Accounts of the Earldom, 1296-7, mention ''Henri the pipere of Trigg'': his wife Joan was paying a fine of 2s 6d.〔Midgley, L. M., ''Ministers' Accounts of the Earldom of Cornwall, 1296-7'' (London, 1942 & 1945) II, p. 264〕 The assize record of the 1302 Cornwall Eyre mentions ''Osbmus Le Pibith'' and ''Richare/us Le Pybyth'', both of Mousehole.〔National Archives, Kew, JUST. 1/117a mb () quoted in ''REED Dorset/Cornwall'' p. 457 note 300〕 A 1344 account tells of a disturbance at a Cornwall stannary in Redruth involving a man with the surname ''Pipere''.〔National Archives, Kew, C/ 66/212, mb () quoted in ''REED Dorset/Cornwall'' p. 499〕 Pipers receive many mentions in Cornish-language plays from the 15th to early 17th centuries. These are: * The Ordinalia, a trilogy of Biblical plays known individually as Origo Mundi (OM), Passio Christi (PC), and Resurrexio Domini (RD), written c. 1400, and known from a mid-fifteenth-century manuscript, Oxford MS. Bodl. 791.〔Norris, Edwin, ed. and tr. 1859. ''The Ancient Cornish Drama''. 2 vols. Originally published 1859. Facsimile reprint. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1968.〕 * Beunans Meriasek (BM), ‘The Life of St. Meriasek’, MS written in 1504, but whose first ten pages were rewritten in the mid-sixteenth century.〔National Library of Wales MS. Peniarth 105b〕 * Bewnans Ke (BK), ‘The Life of St. Ke’, probably written c. 1500-20, and known only from a fragmentary and imperfect copy of the later 16h century.〔National Library of Wales MS. 23,849D〕 * Gwreans an Bys (GB), also known by its English title Creacion of the World, MS written in 1611.〔Oxford MS. Bodl. 219〕 For example Origo Mundi, Resurrexio Domini, Gwreans an Bys, and both halves of Beunans Meriasek (the latter play intended to be performed in two parts on two successive days) conclude with a speech in which a character urges the minstrels (menstrels) or pipers (pyboryon) to ‘pipe’ (peba) ‘so that we may go dancing’ (may hyllyn mos the thonssye, RD 2646; compare BM 2512, BM 4565, GB 2547).〔Bruch, B. ''Word and Music in Medieval Cornish Drama'', Ars Lyrica, 2007. p. 9 summary〕 The ''Records of Early English Drama'' conveniently summarise numbers of performances by ''Lord Botreaux's Pipers'' (sometimes also described as minstrels or servants) between 1416/7 and 1433.〔Wasson, J. M., ed., ''Devon, Records of Early English Drama'' (Toronto, Buffalo and London: U of Toronto P, 1986) pp. 85-94〕 A ''piper'' was paid at Lostwithiel Riding in 1536/7.〔PRO: E 31 5/1 22 15 St George's Guild, Stewards Accounts of the Guild of St. George, Lostwithiel, 1536-7〕 The 1549/50 Camborne churchwardens' accounts mention a ''pyper yn the playe''. (Perhaps Beunans Meriasek, as Meriasek was their patron saint.)〔CRO: PD/322/1, St. Meriadocus and St. Martin Churchwardens’ Accounts, 1549/50〕 St. Ives Accounts for 1571/2 mention paying ''pypers for there wages'' in association with the performance of another play.〔Hays, R. & McGee, C., Joyce , S., & Newlyn, E., eds., ''Dorset & Cornwall, Records of Early English Drama'' (Toronto, Buffalo and London, U of Toronto P, 1999) p. 398〕 These accounts do not tell us about the instruments used, except that they were conventionally referred to as pipes. Nonetheless, it is clear that the iconography of bagpipers in Cornwall does not exist in isolation, but in the context of a broad musical culture of which piping was a significant element. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cornish bagpipes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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